\item radio therapy is an important tool in cancer therapy
\item continuous development towards improved tolerability and increase of the therapeutic window
\item two promising developments in recent years:
\begin{itemize}
\item encouraging results with very short, high dose beams (FLASH RT)
\item recent further development of spatially fractionated RT towards Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT)
\end{itemize}
\item both show improved sparing of healthy tissue and reduction of secondary cancer also increasingly important due to increase in overall life expectancy
\item both are dependent on the use of particle accelerator facilities
\item very high requirements on stability and metrology of the used beams
\end{itemize}
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lead to operation parameters of the used accelerators that can not anymore be described by simple linear optics and beam dynamics. Instead, due to the development towards higher intensity combined with shorter pulse lengths and transverse modulations, the consideration of non-linear and complex optics as well as beam dynamics influenced by collective effects becomes necessary for accelerator RT sources.\\
Further closing the gap between accelerator science and medical physics from the accelerator side is an important step and will help in paving the way towards accurate predictability, diagnostic and metrology of advanced RT with particle accelerators.
\item improve predictability of RT beam properties on target by improving understanding of dynamic in short and/or spatially structured RT beams
\item study from accelerator point of view the beam dynamics effects relevant in the generation of such beams as well as the diagnostic to reliably deliver the requested conditions
\item provide start-to-end simulations of the dynamic of RT beams, from inside the accelerator through the air into the target by combining beam dynamics, beam-matter interaction and collective effects simulations
\item predicting the temporal and spatial shape of each individual RT pulse %not only at the exit of the accelerator but also at any diagnostic
The goal is, by extending the calculation of these effects beyond the accelerator as a first step, to make the prediction of the resulting spatial distribution on target possible.
And as a second step, it might allow to consider effects of the beam transport already during the generation of the beam.\\
Aiming towards the generation of a spatial distribution which preemptively compensates for the expected changes, possibly allowing arbitrary user-definable final distributions.
% geht auch für wunsch verteilung, jenachdem was medizine beschließt was grade gut ist
\item experience in longitudinal as well as transverse collective effects and instabilities influencing the electron bunch shape in all dimensions
\item in general, investigating phenomena occurring under extreme operation modes, e.g. high charge, small transverse bunch-size, short bunch-length, sub-structures, ...
\item on rings but focused on single bunch effects transferrable to linacs
\item simulations of non-linear optics and beam dynamics, collective effects
\item extensive experimental studies and measurements
\item used diagnostics: electron-beam based as well as synchrotron-radiation based\\ as well as improved and further-developed diagnostic methods
\item based on existing simulation tools and models, e.g. transport/covariance matrices combined with average scattering angles based on existing beam-matter interaction descriptions
\item survey of required vs available diagnostics to measure 6D particle distribution at different positions in the linac, e.g. virtual diagnostic available
\item measurements of 6D particle distribution at accelerator exit based on starting distribution
\item experimental studies of the propagation of 6D particle distribution through air and/or water, including acquiring and set up of necessary diagnostic/detectors/targets